For more information

Sites to visit

The Bastille and its surrounding neighborhood:
La colonne de juillet, place de la Bastille 75011
Square Henri Galli, 9 boulevard Henri IV, 75004
The Carnavalet Museum and its surrounding neighborhood:
Musée Carnavalet, 16 rue des Francs Bourgeois, 75004
The Panthéon:
Le Panthéon, place du Panthéon, 75005
The Conciergerie:
La Conciergerie, 2 boulevard du Palais 75001
The Expiatory Chapel and its surrounding neighborhood:
La chapelle expiatoire, 29 rue Pasquier, 75008
Église de la Madeleine, place de la Madeleine, 75008
Montagne Sainte-Geneviève and its surrounding neighborhood:
Le Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005
La ménagerie du jardin des plantes, 57 rue Cuvier 75005
Odéon and its surrounding neighborhood:
Église Saint-Sulpice, 2 rue Palatine, 75006
Nation and its surrounding neighborhood:
Cimetière de l’église Sainte-Marguerite, 36 rue Saint-Bernard, 75011
The Louvre:
Le Louvre, rue de Rivoli, 75001
The Palais-Royal:
Le jardin du Palais-Royal, 2 galerie de Montpensier, 75001
La comédie française, 1 place Colette, 75001
The Monceau neighborhood:
Le parc Monceau, 35 Boulevard de Courcelles, 75008 Paris
The Catacombs and its surrounding neighborhood:
Les Catacombes de Paris, 1 Avenue du Colonel Henri Rol-Tanguy, 75014
L’observatoire de Paris, 61 avenue de l’observatoire, 75014
Place de la Concorde:
L’Assemblée Nationale, 126 rue de l’université, 75006
Square du Temple
Le musée des arts et métiers, 60 rue de Réaumur, 75003 Paris

Walks in Paris

Paris révolutionnaire: a website listing all of the commemoratives sites related to revolutions in Paris.
Gens de la Seine: an itinerary along the Seine with 19 narrated stories, evoking the daily life of Parisians in the 18^th century
Timescope : regardez la Bastille telle qu’elle était en 1789 : une reconstitution visuelle bluffante

Most of the references cited are only available in French.

Livres d'histoire

Dictionaries, atlas

Serge Bonin, Emile Ducoudray, Alexandra Laclau, Claude Langlois, Raymonde Monnier, Daniel Roche, Atlas de la Révolution française, Éd. de l'EHESS, tome 11, « Paris », 2000 (a comprehensive atlas of Paris during the Revolution)
François Furet et Mona Ozouf (dir.), Dictionnaire critique de la Révolution française, Flammarion, 1988
Jean-Clément Martin (dir.), Dictionnaire de la Contre-Révolution, Perrin, 2011 (the only dictionary on the Counter-Revolution written by specialists)
Albert Soboul, Jean-René Suratteau et François Gendron (dir.), Dictionnaire historique de la Révolution française, Paris, PUF, 1989 (the largest dictionary on the French Revolution)
Albert Soboul, Raymonde Monnier (dir.), Répertoire du personnel sectionnaire parisien en l'an II, Publications de la Sorbonne, 1985 (a collection of short explanations on the Parisian sans-culottes)

Manuals on the French Revolution

Jean-Pierre Jessenne, Révolution et Empire, 1783-1815, Hachette, 2014 (one of the main references on the French Revolution)
Michel Vovelle, La Révolution française, 1789-1799, Armand Colin, 2015 (one of the fundamental manuals on the subject, short and concise)
Sophie Wahnich, La Révolution française (1787-1799). Un événement de raison sensible, Hachette, 2012 (a manual written in the form of a thematic and engrossing essay)

Selection of History books on the French Revolution

Eric Hazan, Une histoire de la Révolution française, La Fabrique, 2012 (a very concise history, engrossing and gripping)
François Furet, Denis Richet, La Révolution française (1e édition 1965-66), Fayard, 2010 (a very detailed political history)
Annie Jourdan, Nouvelle histoire de la Révolution, Paris, Flammarion, 2015 (a history with a more European perspective)
Jean-Clément Martin, Nouvelle histoire de la Révolution française, Perrin, 2012 (a thick tome that updates the history of the French Revolution)
Jules Michelet, Histoire de la Révolution française (1e édition 1847-1853), 2 tomes, Gallimard, 2019 (the classic of all classics, a romantic republican history full of conviction)

Popular books on the Revolution

Antoine de Baecque, La France de la Révolution. Dictionnaire de curiosités, Tallandier, 2011
Michel Biard, Parlez-vous sans-culotte ? Dictionnaire du Père Duchesne (1790‑1794), Tallandier, 2009
Chronique de la Révolution française, Larousse, 1988 (daily life during the Revolution, a collection of non-anecdotal anecdotes)
G. Lenôtre, Sous la Révolution, Gallimard, 2018 (the French Revolution from a royalist historian’s perspective)
Michel Vovelle (dir.), L'Etat de la Francependant la Révolution 1789-1799, La Découverte, 1988 (everything you need to know about the French Revolution in over 600 pages)

History books on Paris during the French Revolution

Revolutionary Paris

Antoine Boulant, Le Tribunal révolutionnaire. Punir les ennemis du peuple, Perrin, 2018 (the most recent overview of the Paris revolutionary tribunal)
Jacques de Cock, Les Cordeliers dans la Révolution française, Fantasques, 2 vol., 2001 (if you want to learn more about a Parisian club known for its radicalness)
Pascal Dupuy (dir.), La Fête de la Fédération, Éditions Presses des universités de Rouen et du Havre, 2012 (the latest information on the subject)
David Garrioch, La fabrique du Paris révolutionnaire, Paris, La Découverte, 2013 (how did Parisians become revolutionaries?)
François Gendron, La Jeunesse dorée. Episodes de la Révolution française, Les Presses de l'Université du Québec, 1979 (when the young Parisian bourgeoisie no longer wanted anything to do with the French Revolution)
Maurice Genty, Paris, 1789-1795. L’apprentissage de la citoyenneté, Messidor, 1988 (learning about politics in Parisian neighborhoods)
Antoine Lilti, Le monde des salons: Sociabilité et mondanité à Paris au XVIIIe siècle, Fayard, 2005 (a plunge into Parisian society life during the Age of the Enlightenment)
Raymonde Monnier (dir.), À Paris sous la Révolution, Éditions de la Sorbonne, 2008 (a collection of studies on revolutionary Paris)
Mona Ozouf, La fête révolutionnaire, 1789-1799, Paris, Fayard, 1976 (interesting information on Parisian revolutionary celebrations)
Timothy Tackett, Par la volonté du peuple. Comment les députés de 1789 sont devenus révolutionnaires, Paris, Albin Michel, 1997 (how men from the Ancien Régime transformed themselves into revolutionaries, set between Versailles and Paris)
Michel Vovelle (dir.), Paris et la Révolution, Paris, Publications de la Sorbonne, 1989 (a collection on Paris and the French Revolution published on its bicentennial)

Paris and its neighborhoods

Haim Burstin, Une Révolution à l’œuvre. Le faubourg Saint-Marcel 1789-1794, Seyssel, Champ Vallon, 2005 (everything you need to know about a forgotten working-class neighborhood that was nevertheless essential during the French Revolution)
Youri Carbonnier, Maisons parisiennes des Lumières, Paris, Presses de l’université de Paris-Sorbonne, 2006 (Parisian homes and new ways of living in the 18^th century)
Georges Garrigues, Les districts parisiens pendant la Révolution française, Editions SPES, 1931 (the French Revolution at the neighborhood level)
Raymonde Monnier, Le Faubourg Saint-Antoine (1789-1815), Société des Études Robespierristes, 1981 (the reference book on the Saint-Antoine neighborhood and its sans-culottes)

The People of Paris

Haim Burstin, L’invention du sans-culotte, Odile Jacob, 2005 (how the sans-culottes were turned into the ideal revolutionary)
Arlette Farge, Vivre dans la rue à Paris au XVIIIe siècle, Paris, Gallimard -Julliard, 1979 (Parisians and their daily life)
Dominique Godineau,Citoyennes tricoteuses. Les femmes du peuple à Paris pendant la Révolution française (1e éd. 1988), Perrin, 2004 (the first book on Parisian women during the French Revolution)
Claude Guillon, Notre patience est à bout, 1792-1793, les écrits des Enragé(e)s, Éditions Imho, Paris, 2016 (radical sans-culottes speak out)
Steven L. Kaplan, La fin des corporations, Paris, Fayard, 2001 (professional societies in Paris and their disappearance)
Clyde Plumauzille, Prostitution et Révolution. Les femmes publiques dans la cité républicaine (1789-1804), Champ Vallon, 2016 (prostitutes in Paris, forgotten figures in a revolutionary city)
Daniel Roche, Le peuple de Paris, Paris, Fayard, 1998 (the reference book on Parisian working classes during the Age of the Enlightenment)
Albert Soboul, Les sans-culottes parisiens en l'an II. Mouvement populaire et gouvernement révolutionnaire, 2 juin 1793 - 9 thermidor an II, R. Clavreuil, 1958 (the first book on the collective history of Parisian sans-culottes)

Parisian events during the French Revolution

Heloïse Bocher,Démolir la Bastille. L'édification d'un lieu de mémoire, Vendémiaire, 2012 (an event as significant as the storming of the Bastille: its demolition)
Françoise Brunel, 1794 : Thermidor et la chute de Robespierre, Complexe, 1989 (Robespierre’s political reasoning at the end of his life)
Monique Cottret, LaBastille à prendre, P.U.F., 1986 : comment se forge, bien avant 1789 (the collective fantasy regarding the storming of the Bastille)
Jacques Godechot, Le14 juillet 1789, La Prise de la Bastille, Gallimard, 1965 (an almost hour-by-hour recitation of what happened on July 14^th)
Hans-Jùrgen Lûsebrink, Rolf Reichardt, L’imagerie révolutionnaire de la Bastille, Paris musées, 2009 (a history on the imagery of freedom: the storming of the Bastille)
Guillaume Mazeau, Le Bain de l’histoire, Charlotte Corday et l’assassinat de Marat, Champ Vallon, 2009 (the assassination of Marat and its impact on Paris)
Marcel Reinhard, 10 août 1792. La chute de la Royauté, Gallimard, 1969 (the storming of the Tuileries and the fall of the monarchy)

Livres de témoignages, mémoires

Biographies, figures from the French Revolution in Paris:

Antoine de Baecque (dir.), Marie-Antoinette. Métamorphoses d’une image, Editions du Patrimoine, 2019 (several essays on Marie-Antoinette’s image throughout history)
Hélène Becquet, Louis XVII, Perrin, 2017 (a biography that focuses on the myth of Louis XVII’s survival)
Hélène Becquet, Marie-Thérèse de France. L'orpheline du Temple, Paris, Perrin, 2012 (biography of a survivor: “Madame Royale,” the daughter of Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette)
Yvon Bizardel, Les Américains à Paris pendant la Révolution, Calmann-Lévy, 1972 (why the city of Paris was immediately considered the capital of revolutions)
Nicole Bossut, Chaumette, porte-parole des sans-culottes, CTHS, 1998 (the history of a major figure in Revolutionary Paris)
Haim Burstin, Révolutionnaires, Vendémiaire, 2013 (a book in the form of a collective portrait on figures from the French Revolution)
Pierre Casselle, Jérôme Pétion ou la révolution pacifique, Vendémiaire, 2016 (the biography of a Parisian mayor who put his stamp on the French Revolution)
Olivier Coquard, Marat, Fayard, 1993 (the best political biography on the “Friend of the People”)
Annie Duprat, Marie-Antoinette, 1755-1793 Images et visages d'une reine, Autrement, 2013 (everything you need to know about Marie-Antoinette and her image)
Patrice Gueniffey, Bonaparte (1769-1802), Gallimard, 2013 (an excellent biography on the Bonaparte before Napoleon)
Claude Guillon, Deux enragés de la Révolution : Leclerc de Lyon et Pauline Léon, La Digitale, 1993 (the history of two Parisian sans-culottes)
Hervé Leuwers, Camille et Lucile Desmoulins : un rêve de République, Fayard, 2018 (an intertwining biography on a famous couple from the French Revolution)
Walter Markov, Jacques Roux, le curé rouge, Libertalia, 2017 (an engrossing biography on a working-class revolutionary in Paris)
Jean-Clément Martin, Robespierre : la fabrication d’un monstre, Perrin, 2016 (focuses on Robespierre’s black legend)
Cécile Obligi, Robespierre. La probité révoltante, Belin, 2012 (Robespierre’s complexity explained with great clarity)
Jean-Christian Petitfils, Louis XVI, Perrin, 2005 (the best biography to date about a reforming king who was eventually swept away by the Revolution)
Elisabeth Roudinesco, Théroigne de Méricourt, une femme mélancolique sous la Révolution, Seuil, 1989 (a biography/psychoanalysis of one of the most famous female figures from the French Revolution in Paris)

Online sources and collections on Paris and the French Revolution:

Maurice Tourneux, Bibliographie de l’histoire de Paris pendant la Révolution française, 1890-1913, 5 vol
Charles-Louis Chassin, Les élections et les cahiers de Paris en 1789, 4 vol., 1888-1889
Sigismond Lacroix, Actes de la Commune de Paris pendant la Révolution, 1894-1914, 16 vol
M Tourneux, Procès-verbaux de la Commune de Paris, 10 août 1792-1er juin 1793, 1894
Alphonse Aulard, La Société des Jacobins. Recueil de documents pour l’histoire des Jacobins de Paris, 1889-1897, 6 vol
Alphonse Aulard, Paris pendant la réaction thermidorienne et sous le Directoire. Recueil de documents pour l’histoire de l’esprit public à Paris, 1898-1902, 5 vol
Paul Robiquet, Le personnel municipal de Paris pendant la Révolution. Période constitutionnelle, 1890

Testimonies, memoires:

Jean-Sylvain Bailly, Mémoires (1e éd. 1821-1822), Paléo, 2013, version plus ancienne (the memoires of the first Mayor of Paris)
Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac, Mémoires de B. Barère, 1842-1844, Labitte, 4 vol (the memoires of one of the most important figures of the French Revolution during the Terror)
François-Dominique de Reynaud de Montlosier, Mémoires de M. le Comte de Montlosier, sur la Révolution française, le Consulat, l’Empire, la Restauration et les principaux événemens qui l’ont suivie, 1755-1830, 2 vol., (1e éd. 1830) (memoires by one of the first masterminds of the Counter-Revolution)
Gilbert du Motier de La Fayette, Mémoires, correspondance et manuscrits du général La Fayette (1e éd. 1837-1838), 3 t., Hachette/BNF (the memoires of La Fayette, an important figure in both the American and French Revolutions)
Pierre Victor Malouet, Mémoires de Malouet, 1e édition 1868 (memoires by a major figure in the French Revolution)
Journée de Jean-Baptiste Humbert, horloger, qui, le premier, a monté sur les tours de la Bastille, 1789 (testimony of one of the many Parisians who stormed the Bastille)
Abel Beffroy de Reigny, Précis exact de la prise de la Bastille, rédigé sous les yeux des principaux acteurs qui ont joué un rôle dans cette expédition, & lu le même jour à l'hôtel-de-ville, 1789 (a “firsthand” account written by a journalist who was imprisoned in the Bastille)
François Claude de Bouillé, Mémoires du marquis de Bouillé, 1859 (the story of General Bouillé, one of the major figures of the Ancien Régime)
Pierre Victor de Besenval de Brünstatt, Mémoires du baron de Bésenval sur la Cour de France, Mercure de France, 2011 (the memoires of the military commander of Paris and its environs at the beginning of the French Revolution)
Jean Dusaulx, Mémoires de Linguet sur la Bastille et mémoires de Dusaulx sur le 14 juillet, 1821 (an account of the events of July 14^th by a Paris Elector)
Fournier-L’Héritier, dit Fournier L’Américain, Mémoires secrets et autres textes, L’Harmattan, 2010, édition plus ancienne (an account of the first days of the French Revolution by one of its participants, originally from Saint-Domingue)
Rose Bertin, Mémoires sur Marie-Antoinette, Rivages, 2014, version plus ancienne (the memoires of the Parisian milliner and official supplier to the queen)
Louise Elisabeth de Croÿ de Tourzel, Mémoires de Madame la duchesse de Tourzel, gouvernante des Enfants de France de 1789 à 1795, Mercure de France, 2005, version plus ancienne (the French Revolution seen from the perspective of the Royal children’s governess)
Henriette Campan, Mémoires de Madame Campan, première femme de chambre de Marie-Antoinette, Mercure de France, 2017, version plus ancienne (the French Revolution seen from the Royal Family’s perspective)
Mémoires de députés Girondins : Mémoires inédits de Pétion et mémoires de Buzot & de Barbaroux, 1866. Consultable sur Gallica (the French Revolution seen from the perspective of three moderate Republican deputies)
Jacques Pierre Brissot de Warville, J.-P. Brissot mémoires (1754-1793) suivi de correspondance et papiers, BNF/Hachette, 2013, version plus ancienne (the memoires of the leader of the Girondins, moderate Republicans)
Antoine Claire Thibaudeau, Mémoires (1e éd.), SPM, 2014, version plus ancienne (the memoires of a Montagnard deputy, a radical Republican)
Charles de Lacretelle, Dix années d’épreuves pendant la Révolution (1e éd. 1842), Tallandier, 2011 (the French Revolution recounted by a conservative journalist and historian)
Levasseur de La Sarthe, Mémoires (1e éd. 1829), Messidor, 1989, version plus ancienne (the memoires of a radical Republican from the Montagnard political group)
Louis-Sébastien Mercier, Le Tableau de Paris (1e édition 1781-1788), La Découverte, 2006, version plus ancienne (a concise and empathic description of working-class Paris at the end of the 18^th century)
Nicolas Edme Rétif de La Bretonne, Les Nuits de Paris (1e éd. 1788), Gallimard, 1986, version plus ancienne (an account of Paris by night, from the perspective of an itinerant night owl, right before the French Revolution)
Adrien Duquesnoy, Un révolutionnaire malgré lui: Journal (mai-octobre 1789), Mercure de France, 2016, version plus ancienne (daily life during the French Revolution seen from the perspective of a modest deputy)
Vie de Jean Rossignol, vainqueur de la Bastille, Mercure de France, 2011 (July 14, 1789 recounted by an insurgent, who became a general under the Republic)
Manon Roland, Appel à l’impartiale postérité, Dagarno, 1998 (the memoires of Madame Roland, the most influential revolutionary women during her time)
Sophie-Victoire-Alexandrine de Girardin, comtesse de Vassy (également Sophie de Bohm), Prisonnière sous la Terreur : mémoires d'une captive en 1793, Cosmopole, 2006 (the French Revolution seen from the perspective of a young liberal noble, arrested during the Terror)
Madame de Genlis, Mémoires inédits de la comtesse de Genlis sur le XVIIIe siècle et la Révolution française, Ladvocat, 1825
Honoré Jean Riouffe, Histoires de Terreur. Les Mémoires de François Armand Cholet et Honoré Riouffe, Honoré Champion, 2014. Autre version consultable sur Gallica (two testimonies on life in Paris during the Terror)
Joseph Fouché, Mémoires de Joseph Fouché, duc d’Otrante, Le Rouge, 1824, version plus ancienne (the memoires of a revolutionary who became a man of law and order under the Empire)
Jacques Necker, De la Révolution française (1e éd. 1797), Hachette, BNF, 2014, version plus ancienne (a disillusioned vision of the French Revolution by the most popular minister at the end of the 18^th century)
Germaine de Staël, Considérations sur les principaux événements de la Révolution française, 1e édition 1812), Honoré Champion, 2017, version plus ancienne (the French Revolution recounted by a famous woman of letters, who was also the daughter of Jacques Necker)

Œuvres de fiction

Graphic novels

José-Louis Bocquet, Catel, Olympe de Gouges, Casterman, 2012 (the biography of Olympe de Gouges in images)
L.F. Bollée, Olivier Martin, J’ai tué Marat, Glénat, 2016 (focuses on the assassination of Marat by Corday, on July 13, 1793)
Florent Grouazel, Youn Locard, Révolution, tome 1 : Liberté, Actes Sud, 2019 (a masterful plunge into the beginnings of the working-class French Revolution)
Hervé Leuwers, Mathieu Gabella et Roberto Meli, Robespierre, Glénat, 2017

Cinema

Jean Renoir, La Marseillaise, 1938 (volunteers from Marseille come to Paris to join the Army of the Rhine. This historical film also makes reference to the Front Populaire and France in 1938)
Jean Delannoy, Marie-Antoinette, Reine de France, 1955 (a benevolent Technicolor depiction with regard to the queen)
Peter Brook, Marat/Sade, 1966 (through the hostile dialogue between two radical figures from the French Revolution, a reflection on political action, violence, madness and the manner in which the world is represented)
Jean-Paul Rappeneau, Les Mariés de l’an II, 1971 (based on a historical event – legalization of divorce in 1792 – a picturesque vaudeville set against the background of the civil war between western France, Paris, America and Koblenz)
Ettore Scola, La Nuit de Varennes, 1982 (the Royal Family’s escape in June 1791 and, above all, a reflection on the passing of time during a revolution)
Andrzej Wajda, Danton, 1982 (an empathic portrait of Danton, marvelously embodied by Depardieu)
Philippe de Broca, Chouans !, 1988 (an adventure film set in western France in 1793, when the civil war was raging)
La Révolution française de Robert Enrico (partie 1) et Richard T. Heffron (partie 2), 1989 (filmed for the French Revolution’s bicentennial, the most academic of films, based on an almost perfect)
Eric Rohmer, L’Anglaise et le Duc, 2001 (the Parisian Revolution seen – or rather imagined – from the apartment of an English aristocrat, a friend of the Duke d’Orléans. A free adaptation of Grace Elliott’s memoires, imprisoned during the Terror)
Sophia Coppola, Marie-Antoinette, 2006 (through a very updated portrait of the queen, the film rejuvenates the regular representations of Marie-Antoinette, a queen entrapped by her public image)
Benoît Jacquot, Les Adieux à la Reine, 2012 (through the very ambiguous relationship between the queen and her young reader, a subtle depiction of the collapse of the Ancien Régime, seen from inside the castle of Versailles in July 1789)
Pierre Schoeller, Un peuple et son roi, 2018 (the Parisian Revolution seen by a group of friends and neighbors in the Saint-Antoine neighborhood. A film that recharges the working-class Parisian Revolution with its political inspiration)

Video games

Assassin’s Creed Unity, 2014 (a dazzling recreation of the streets of Paris during the French Revolution)
We. The Revolution, 2019 (become a judge on the Revolutionary Tribunal. A very dark vision of the Revolution)

Literature

Christophe Bigot, Autoportrait à la guillotine, Stock, 2018 (fascinated by the French Revolution, Christophe Bigot describes how the event still haunts us today)
Charles Dickens, Un conte de deux villes (1e ed. 1859), Gallimard, 1989 (an intersecting story of Paris and London in 1793)
Anatole France, Les Dieux ont soif, Calmann-Lévy, 1912 (a somber plunge into the years of the Terror in Paris. A very dark vision of the French Revolution)
Victor Hugo, Quatre-Vingt-Treize (1e éd. 1874), Le Livre de Poche, 2001 (the saga about several characters in western France during the Terror)
Leslie Kaplan, Mathias et la Révolution, 2015 (the wanderings of Mathias through the streets of Paris, haunted by the French Revolution)
Pierre Michon, Les Onze, Verdier, 2009 (a plunge into the imaginary created by the Committee for Public Safety)
Eric Vuillard, 14 juillet, Actes Sud, 2016 (a cross between history and fiction, the storming of the Bastille recounted by the Parisian lower classes. A symbol of liberation)
Stefan Zweig, Marie-Antoinette (1e ed. 1932), Grasset, 2002 (in the form of a novel, the best biography on Marie-Antoinette to date?)

Theater

Georg Büchner, La mort de Danton (1835), Editions théâtrales, 2012 (During the last days of Danton, revolutionaries grapple with a revolution that has spun out of control)
Ariane Mnouchkine, 1789. La révolution doit s’arrêter à la perfection du bonheur, 1970 (revolution as collective emancipation, great political theater)
Ariane Mnouchkine, 1793. La cité révolutionnaire est de ce monde, 1972 (how did the revolutionary city come to pass?)
Heiner Müller, La Mission, 1979 (three deputies sent to Jamaica to incite the slaves to rise up against the British, see their mission cancelled: in Paris, Bonaparte has taken over. A melancholy meditation on the reversals and regrets of revolutions)
Sylvain Creuzevault, Notre terreur, 2009 (the members of the Committee for Public Safety grapple with their own contradictions. A major play on the dizzying aspects of revolutionary action)
Joël Pommerat, Ca ira (1) Fin de Louis, 2015 (learning how to act during the first whirlwind months of the French Revolution. From the seats of the National Assembly and district assemblies, a reflection on the complexity of this period of political foundation)